Prevention of skidding of vehicles



Patented Jan. 16, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE No Drawing.Application July 9, 1932, Serial No. 621,759, and in Germany August 8,1931 16 Claims.

The object of my invention is a method for the prevention of skidding oftyres particularly rubber tyres used on power driven vehicles onslippery pavings with the aid of an anti-skidding material applied tothe tyres when required before or during the motion of the vehicle.

'It has already been suggested to pretreat bicycle tyres for the purposeof improving their friction on polished floors under cover by applyingon their surface a solution of resin in alcohol, ether, acetone orsimilar materials. Such a coating, while in the moist condition, has alubricating effect and therefore increases the tendency of the tyre toskid. After the complete evaporation of the solvent, there remains avarnish-like coating of brittle character, which crumbles off veryeasily. It may be possible to obtain in this way the desired effect withbicycles used on floors under cover. In view, however, of

the strains to which the tyres of power driven vehicles are exposed,such pretreatment would in any case be useless and probably harmful.

It is further known to apply anti-skidding ma terials to the tyres ofmotor vehicles during the motion of the vehicle by means of a suitableapparatus. Such anti-skidding materials consist of a mixture of sand orother small solid materials and a fluid of viscous or adhesivecharacter. The addition of such fluid is made in order to prevent theskidhindering sand from being spread uselessly by causing it to adhereto the tyres surface.

While rubber moistened with water becomes extraordinarily slippery, mypresent invention,

on the contrary, makes use of the new and surprising conception that thehumidityitself can be employed to obtain an effective protection againstskidding. For this purpose I use a solution of resin in an organicsolvent as skid-preventing agent; this solution forms an extremelysticky and adhesive material as soon as it comes into contact with andis thus diluted, with water, the resin being in this manner liberatedfrom the solution. The extremely sticky material deposited on the tyresalone gives the desired anti-skid effect. The fact that sand and otherwaste material of the road adheres to this material increases theprotection and extends its effect.

The effect can be further intensified and extended by the use of asolution which consists of resin and wood pitch or wood pitch alone inalcohol or acetone.

A special advantage of my new process is to be found in the fact that itwill sufiice to carry in the car a relatively small quantity of the saidsolution to provide on a long journey the desired protection againstskidding, whereas hitherto very considerable quantities of sand wereneeded when using sand-spreading devices for the same purpose.Furthermore, an approximately equivalent effect cannot be obtained inthe latter way. On smooth and slippery roads it will suffice to apply toeach of the four tyres from time to time, according to conditions, 1 c.c. of the solution; the moisture of the road will dilute the solutionand transform it into a material of extreme viscosity and adhesiveness.

Solutions of resins of any kind can be used for'practising the process,for example of colophony or coumarone resin in alcohols, if desired withaddition of organic acids such as acetic or lactic acid. Concentrated ordiluted alcohol can be used.

For instance resin. and alcohol of 96 vol. in equal parts are mixed withheating. Of this solution small portions of equal volume are applied tothe surface of the tyres either while the vehicle is stationary ormoving. The dilution with water' is effected in a suitable way, forexample by means of the humidity of the road, or by apso plying water tothe tread of the wheels while the vehicle is stationary. In this way theresin is instantly liberated as a viscous, sticky material which makesany skidding of the tyres impossible.

Furthermore, a solution can be employed com- 8 posed for example of 30%of resin, 30% of wood pitch and 40% of ethyl alcohol of 96 vol. heatedtogether under a reflux condenser. This solution, after the removal ifrequired of nondissolved portions can be used as anti-skid material.

The effect of the sticky material as produced on the tyres not being apermanent one, the application of the solution must be repeated whenrequired. Such application can, for example, be effected by atomizingthe solution onto the surfaces of the tyres, the solution beingdistributed from the drivers seat from a container under pressurethrough pipelines. 100

The application of my invention is not limited to motor vehicles withrubber tyres; the same result will be obtained with iron-wheeledvehicles on rails such, for example as railways, tramways and suspendedrailways.

I claim:-

1. A process for the prevention of the skidding of tyres particularlyrubber-tyres of power driven vehicles in which a solution of resinousmaterial is applied to the tyres as required, said solution being thentronslormed into a viscous and od== hesive material by dilution withwater.

2. A process for the prevention of the skidding of tyres particularlyrubber-tyres of power driven vehicles in which a solution of resinousmeteriol with addition of an organic acid is applied to the tyres asrequired, said solution being then trenciormed into 2. viscous andadhesive materiel Toy dilution with water.

3. A process for prevention of the skidding of tyres of power drivenvehicles, in which a solution of resin in alcohol is employed.

A process for prevention of the skidding of tyres of power drivenvehicles, in which at solu= tion of resin in acetone is employed.

5. A process for prevention or the skidding oi tyres of power drivenvehicles, inwhich a solution of resin and wood pitch in alcohol isemployed.

G. A process for prevention of the skidding or tyres of power drivenvehicles, in which n solution oi resin and wood pitch in acetone isemployed.

l. A process tor prevention of the skidding of tyres of power drivenvehicles, in which a solu tion or wood pitch in alcohol is employed.

. 8. A process for prevention of the skidding of tyres of power drivenvehicles, in which n solution of wood pitch in acetone is employed.

9. A. process for the prevention of the skidding of tyres of powerdriven vehicles, in which small portions of equal volume of a solutionof resinous material are from time to time applied to the surfaces ofthe tyres and diluted by water while the vehicle is stationary.

ll). A. process for the prevention of the skidding of tyres of powerdriven vehicles, in which small portions of equal volume of e solutionof resinous material are from time to time applied to the surfaces ofthe tyres and diluted by water while the vehicle is in motion.

ll. The process of increasing the grip of tyres oi power driven vehicleswhich comprises applying to the tread of said tyres a solution of a,resinous material which upon admixture with water will liberate resinousmaterial in a. sticky condition and thereafter producing the admixtureor water with the said solution applied to the tread, whereby resinousmaterial is liberated upon the tread in a sticky condition.

12. The process of increasing the grip of tyres of power driven vehicleswhich comprises applying to the trend of said tyres a solution of a,resinous materiel which upon admixture with water will liberate resinousmateriel in a sticky condition, said solution at the time of applicationbeing substantially free from gritty material, and thereafter producingthe admixture of water with the said solution applied to the tread,whereby resinous material is liberawd upon the tread in a stickycondition.

13. The process for increasing the grip of the trends of wheels ofvehicles or traction machines which comprises applying to the trend 2.solution of a resin in a. solvent which is soluble in water to such anextent that the resin will be, at least in part, liberated from solutionupon admixture with water, and thereafter effecting liberation of resinin a sticky condition by means of water.

14. The process for increasing the grip of the treads of vehicles ortraction machines which comprises applying to the tread a solutioncomprising a resin in a solvent, from which solution the resin will beliberated in a. tacky condition by intimate contact with water, andthereafter effecting the liberation of the resin in a. tacky conditionby means of water.

15. The process of producing an anti-slipping composition whichcomprises intimately mixing water with. a solution of a resin in asolvent which is miscible with water.

'16. An anti-slipping composition comprising an intimate mixture ofwater and a solution of a resin in as solvent which is soluble in water.

WALTER J OSKY.

